Sense relations - identity

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Studienarbeit aus dem Jahr 2011 im Fachbereich Amerikanistik - Linguistik, Bayerische Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Sprache: Deutsch, Abstract: One possible definition of sense relations is: Any relation between lexical units within the semanticsystem of a language, (Matthews 1997:337). This means that there has to be a relation in meaningbetween lexical units of a language. It does not matter if this relation expresses some kind of identityor non-identity. One could also define sense relations as a paradigmatic relation between words orpredicates. Paradigmatic relations are those into which a linguistic unit enters through beingcontrasted or substitutable, in particular environment, with other similar units, (Palmer 1981:67). Inother words, a paradigmatic relation is a relation where an individual lexical unit can be replaced byanother.A less scientific approach to sense relations is made by David Crystal: We have a sense relationwhen we feel that lexemes relate to each other in meaning, (Crystal 2003: 164).The most common relations in meaning between lexical units are Synonymy and Antonymy.Whereas the latter one belongs to a group of sense relations which express a non-identity, the firstone is the most known type of identity-expressing sense relations. Together with Hyponymy, Crystalcalls them the chief types of lexical sense relations. But in the field of semantics, there are farmore possibilities of expressing a relation in sense. For example, there are Paraphrase, Homonymy,member-collection and portion-mass relationships, which all express a special kind of identity. Inthis term paper, the focus lies on sense relations expressing a form of identity, sameness or identicaltraits.

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